miércoles, 20 de junio de 2012

Keywords and Parameters

Syntax Element Description
%a Specifies the activation ID of the database.
%c Specifies the copy number of the backup piece within a set of duplexed backup pieces. If you did not duplex a backup, then this variable is 1 for backup sets and 0 for proxy copies. If one of these commands is enabled, then the variable shows the copy number. The maximum value for %c is 256.
%d Specifies the name of the database.
%D Specifies the current day of the month from the Gregorian calendar in format DD.
%e Specifies the archived log sequence number.
%f Specifies the absolute file number.
%F Combines the DBID, day, month, year, and sequence into a unique and repeatable generated name. This variable translates into c-IIIIIIIIII-YYYYMMDD-QQ, where:
  • IIIIIIIIII stands for the DBID. The DBID is printed in decimal so that it can be easily associated with the target database.
  • YYYYMMDD is a time stamp in the Gregorian calendar of the day the backup is generated
  • QQ is the sequence in hexadecimal number that starts with 00 and has a maximum of 'FF' (256)
%h Specifies the archived redo log thread number.
%I Specifies the DBID.
%M Specifies the month in the Gregorian calendar in format MM.
%N Specifies the tablespace name.
%n Specifies the name of the database, padded on the right with x characters to a total length of eight characters. For example, if the prod1 is the database name, then the padded name is prod1xxx.
%p Specifies the piece number within the backup set. This value starts at 1 for each backup set and is incremented by 1 as each backup piece is created. Note: If you specify PROXY, then the %p variable must be included in the FORMAT string either explicitly or implicitly within %U.
%s Specifies the backup set number. This number is a counter in the control file that is incremented for each backup set. The counter value starts at 1 and is unique for the lifetime of the control file. If you restore a backup control file, then duplicate values can result. Also, CREATE CONTROLFILE initializes the counter back to 1.
%t Specifies the backup set time stamp, which is a 4-byte value derived as the number of seconds elapsed since a fixed reference time. The combination of %s and %t can be used to form a unique name for the backup set.
%T Specifies the year, month, and day in the Gregorian calendar in this format: YYYYMMDD.
%u Specifies an 8-character name constituted by compressed representations of the backup set or image copy number and the time the backup set or image copy was created.
%U Specifies a system-generated unique filename (default). The meaning of %U is different for image copies and backup pieces. For a backup piece, %U specifies a convenient shorthand for %u_%p_%c that guarantees uniqueness in generated backup filenames. If you do not specify a format when making a backup, then RMAN uses %U by default.
For an image copy of a datafile, %U means the following:
data-D-%d_id-%I_TS-%N_FNO-%f_%u
For an image copy of an archived redo velog, %U means the following:
arch-D_%d-id-%I_S-%e_T-%h_A-%a_%u
For an image copy of a control file, %U means the following:
cf-D_%d-id-%I_%u
%Y Specifies the year in this format: YYYY.
%% Specifies the literal '%' character. For example, %%Y translates to the string %Y.

Example

Specifying an ASM Disk Group: Example This example copies the database to ASM disk group disk1:
BACKUP AS COPY DATABASE FORMAT '+disk1'; 

Specifying a Format for Datafile Copies: Example This example creates copies of three datafiles with tag 'LATESTCOPY' to directory /copies:
# Create copies of 3 datafiles with tag 'LATESTCOPY' to directory /copies
BACKUP AS COPY 
  FROM TAG 'LATESCOPY' 
  COPY OF DATAFILE 4, 6, 14 
  FORMAT '/copies/Datafile%f_Database%d';

Creating a Database Copy for Use as a Standby Database: Example This example creates an image copy of the database to instantiate a physical standby in /stby:
# Create an image copy of the database to instantiate physical standby in /stby 
BACKUP AS COPY 
  DATABASE 
  FORMAT '/stby/standby_file_%f_of_db_%I';

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